AUTOMAT
This is the first of the automatic transmissions to appear at the dawn of the automotive industry, immediately after the mechanics. One of the most reliable, comfortable and understandable gearboxes.
The price is a minus. The cost of a car with an automatic transmission (with a classic torque converter), adds a car from about 620 USD (the higher the class of the car, the higher the price). Also, the cost of repair is high, here you can add more and the cost of maintenance. If something is covered in the machine, for example, because of incorrect maintenance, the cost of repair can be estimated in tens of thousands! Therefore, it is important to change the oil inside, at least once in 60 000 km, it really prolongs the service life
COMFORT - not much to write, two pedals (gas and brake) - just a paradise for a beginner. On the hills the car does not roll back (if it stands in the mode "D - DRIVE"), there is a "P-PARKING" (which is like a small replacement for the handbrake, but not to the end), in traffic jams - no problem. Yes, and to be honest, this gearbox is very convenient in the city. At shifts, there are small shocks, especially if it is 4-speed automatic transmission, on 6 or 8-speed shocks are practically not visible.
On minuses, you do not supervise automatic transmissions themselves, as though automatics decides for you what to include that will be better at present (even if to go in a manual mode). Acceleration is not so dynamic, there are losses on the unwinding of the torque converter. Also, I do not advise this box to overheat, for example, carrying loads behind the car or stacking in the mud, it quickly reduces its life (this advice for ordinary cars). Of course, there are commercial cars on automatic machines, but there is a large amount of torque and weight digested, it is pointless to compare.
Reliability is at a high level. These transmissions can walk 300 - 400 000 km without repair, of course, if you follow the rules of operation. It turns out that on the IKPP, in 120 - 150 000 km of run, you, in any case, will change the hinged (that will result in 10 - 15000 rubles), and in the automatic transmission, you will need to change the oil and filter, if possible (one replacement of about 6 000 rubles). You get almost the same money.
But again, the automatic transmission can be killed quickly enough if you overheat it or carry large loads from behind. For example, when you're stuck, and you're stuck, you're stuck, and you're stuck for a long time, there's a lot of oil heating going on (some automatic transmissions can disable the connection from the engine themselves).
To sum up, it takes a long time to walk, but with correct operation and oil change
FLOOR ECONOMY - here's the minus. In the device of automatic transmission, there is a torque converter, that is, there is no hard hook between the engine and the gearbox (at high revolutions there are mechanical hookups, but at low revolutions - no), the moment here is transmitted by oil pressure (read this article). That is why there are mechanical losses, correspondingly higher fuel consumption. There is no reel as ICPC (more precisely, there is a neutral reel, but it is undesirable to turn it on)
The development potential is not to say it's big, but it is. For example, now the mass segment uses boxes for 4 or 6 gears, but in the near future will be used for 6 or 8 gears, and for luxury cars and 10 - 12 each. This gives a virtually jerk-free shift, faster acceleration, and little fuel economy. However, it is impossible to increase the gears indefinitely, the gearbox will be VERY difficult, and its repair will cost much more. You can also play with gears and gear ratios.
Personally, I think that the automatic transmission is the most reliable and the most trouble-free transmission among automatic transmissions. It is better to choose it!
VARIATOR (CVT)
Second most common automatic gearbox. Sold in large batches, it is mainly placed on RENO-NISSAN and MITSUBISHI cars (they were the first to bet on these boxes). Now they have spread to other manufacturers as well, starting with HONDA, SUBARU TOYOTA and others.
The price is comparable to that of an automatic transmission. Although some claim that it is a little cheaper in production (perhaps, but not significantly). However, in terms of repair, it can be much more expensive. Again, there is the cost of maintenance, it is mandatory to change the oil in 60,000 km, and it will take longer to walk. And here on repair, not all so smoothly, despite the simplicity, the variator to repair expensively, and even not in each service (even official will undertake work). As a result, the amounts for repairs are high.
COMFORT - again, comparable to a "machine", two pedals - backwards - is a pleasure in the city and in traffic jams. There are no jolts when switching from a word in general (although many manufacturers imitate them for some reason). Also, it is necessary to notice that the variator, allows the car to accelerate a little faster, after all, there are no shifts of transfers.
To be continued in next part https://zen.yandex.ru/media/id/5d934fbd8d5b5f00b14d5a38/whats-better-than-a-robot-machine-or-a-variator-part-3-5d9466de433ecc00b02a67bc